Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate (CP) or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.
5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), also known as oxitriptan, is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin.
Syringaldehyde is an organic compound that occurs naturally in trace amounts. It possesses worthy bioactive properties and is, therefore, used in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, textiles, pulp and paper industries, and even in biological control applications.
4-Hydroxychalcone is a chalcone metabolite with diverse biological activities. It inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and also activates BMP signaling.
HP-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), a well-known sugar used in drug delivery, genetic vector, environmental protection and treatment of Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1), is an inhibitor of amyloid-β aggregation.
p-Coumaric acid is a hydroxy derivative of cinnamic acid found in a variety of edible plants and is reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity.
Crocin is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). It has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer.
Dihydrotestosterone is an endogenous androgen sex steroid and hormone and a potent agonist of the androgen receptor with 2-3-fold greater androgen receptor affinity than testosterone and 10-fold higher potency of inducing androgen receptor signaling.
Betulin (BE), also known as betulinol, betuline, or betulinic alcohol, is a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenoid naturally distributed in many plants and displays a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties such as anticancer and chemopreventive activity.